Sens. Josh Hawley (R-MO) and Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) jointly introduced the "Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting Act of 2026" on Wednesday, a bipartisan bill that would restrict stock buybacks, shareholder dividends, and executive compensation at major defense contractors unless those companies meet Pentagon performance standards. The legislation targets the defense industry's four largest firms — Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, General Dynamics, and Boeing — which spent a combined $89 billion on buybacks and dividends since 2021, with approximately two-thirds of that total originating from taxpayer-funded defense contracts. Fox News confirmed the legislation's introduction under the headline "Hawley, Warren team up to back up Trump, crack down on defense contractor payouts." The bill would codify an executive order Trump signed earlier in 2026 imposing similar restrictions, making the policy permanent regardless of future administrations.

The motivation for the bill is the defense acquisition crisis laid bare by the Iran war. A Government Accountability Office report found that defense acquisition programs experienced an average 18-month delay in the past year alone, with combined cost overruns exceeding $49 billion. The war has stressed Pentagon supply chains for precision-guided munitions, interceptor missiles, and artillery shells — the same capabilities that defense companies have been too slow to produce despite receiving billions in contracts. Hawley stated: "America's defense contractors should be focused on expanding production, not padding their bottom lines." Warren stated: "This bipartisan bill will stop defense contractors from abusing the system at taxpayer expense." The unusual alliance between a populist conservative and a progressive Democrat reflects cross-party concern about defense industrial base performance at a moment of active war.

The bill grants the Defense Department enhanced oversight tools to identify underperforming contractors, requires remediation plans from companies that miss benchmarks, and authorizes the Pentagon to suspend payments, end progress payment eligibility, or terminate contracts for companies that fail to comply. It also mandates public reporting on which contractors are subject to the law, which waivers have been granted, and which violations have occurred — a transparency mechanism that neither party opposes. The legislation faces a smoother path than most bipartisan defense bills because it codifies an existing executive order, meaning the administration supports it and its provisions are already being partially implemented.

The defense acquisition problem has both economic and strategic dimensions. Critics of the current contractor model argue that the consolidation of the defense industry since the 1990s — when the Pentagon actively encouraged mergers, reducing a field of 51 major prime contractors to five — has created oligopolistic conditions where a handful of firms face limited competition and weak financial incentives to invest in production capacity over shareholder returns. The Iran war has required a surge in missile, drone, and ammunition production that existing contractor capacity cannot meet on current timelines, making the debate about contractor accountability a live national security question rather than an abstract governance issue.