U.S. District Judge Paul Friedman ruled Friday that a policy implemented by Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth requiring reporters to agree to new Pentagon press rules or lose their credentials violated the First and Fifth Amendments of the Constitution. The judge found "undisputed evidence" that the policy was designed to eliminate "disfavored journalists" and replace them with reporters "willing to serve" the government — constituting illegal viewpoint discrimination. The ruling blocked enforcement of the policy and ordered the reinstatement of credentials for the seven New York Times journalists who had been excluded.

The credential dispute began when Hegseth implemented new press rules shortly after taking office in early 2025. A number of major news organizations — including NBC News, The New York Times, and the Associated Press — refused to agree to the new terms and walked out of a briefing, losing their building access as a result. Several conservative-leaning outlets that agreed to the rules retained access. The New York Times sued in December, leading to Friday's ruling. Judge Friedman wrote: "Those who drafted the First Amendment believed that the nation's security requires a free press" and that "such security is endangered by governmental suppression."

Pentagon spokesperson Sean Parnell said the Defense Department "disagrees with the decision and is pursuing an immediate appeal." The Pentagon had defended the policy as imposing "common sense" rules to protect military security by preventing disclosure of sensitive information. Fox News's coverage of the ruling focused on the government's appeal plans and quoted officials arguing the credential restrictions served legitimate national security purposes. NBC News, which was one of the affected outlets, covered the ruling as a First Amendment victory.

Press freedom organizations including the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press hailed the ruling as a significant protection for independent journalism during wartime, noting that the Pentagon's credentials policy had taken effect as the Iran war began. Media law scholars cited by NBC News said the ruling's "viewpoint discrimination" finding was particularly significant — establishing that the government cannot restrict press access based on which outlets it prefers. The appeal means the case will move to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals, the same court currently hearing the Voice of America reinstatement case involving similar questions about executive branch control over federal media operations.