Russia launched a hypersonic Oreshnik missile against Kyiv on May 24 as part of a large-scale combined attack involving missiles and drones, representing one of the most significant escalations in the war in recent months. The Oreshnik, a medium-range ballistic missile capable of carrying multiple warheads at hypersonic speeds, had previously been deployed in limited strikes but its use in a mass assault on the Ukrainian capital marks a notable development.

The attack on Kyiv followed days of intense exchanges between Russian and Ukrainian forces. Russia had previously struck a Ukrainian student dormitory, killing civilians, and vowed retaliation for Ukrainian strikes on Russian territory. Ukraine's air defenses were engaged throughout the assault, though the full extent of damage and casualties in the latest attack was still being assessed.

The Oreshnik missile, which Russia has touted as capable of evading Western air defense systems, drew immediate international attention. Its deployment in a mass attack scenario raises questions about Ukraine's ability to defend against such weapons and whether Western allies will accelerate delivery of more advanced defensive systems to Kyiv.

The escalation comes at a fraught diplomatic moment, with ongoing discussions about potential ceasefire frameworks and Western support for Ukraine under continued debate. Russia's use of its most advanced missile systems against a civilian capital underscores the intensity of the conflict entering its fourth year.