The Supreme Court issued an order on May 15 preserving access to mifepristone by mail while a lawsuit challenging the abortion pill's availability works its way through the courts. The ruling keeps current distribution rules in place and prevents any immediate restriction on the drug, which is used in the majority of abortions in the United States.

The case involves a challenge brought in Louisiana against the Food and Drug Administration's approval of mifepristone and the agency's rules permitting mail-order distribution of the drug. By issuing a stay, the Court blocked lower court restrictions from taking effect while litigation continues, meaning patients can continue to obtain the medication through mail-order pharmacies under existing FDA guidelines.

The order was not accompanied by a full written opinion explaining the majority's reasoning, which is common for emergency stay applications. However, Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito wrote publicly to criticize the decision, arguing the Court was undermining its own 2022 ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, which returned abortion regulation to the states. Their dissent signals ongoing ideological tension on the Court over abortion-related litigation.

Danco Laboratories, the manufacturer of the brand-name version of mifepristone sold as Mifeprex, had been a party to related litigation seeking to protect the drug's FDA approval. The Court's stay applies while the underlying lawsuit continues, meaning the question of mifepristone's long-term legal status remains unresolved and further court proceedings are expected.

The ruling is seen as a temporary reprieve for abortion providers and patients who rely on medication abortion, which now accounts for the majority of abortions performed in the country. Advocates on both sides of the abortion debate noted that the order does not constitute a final ruling on the merits of the challenge, and the legal fight over the pill's availability is expected to continue for months or years.